Quaternary ammonium compounds and process of preparing them



Eatenteci Dec. 7, E93? PATENT oFF ce 'QUATERNARY 'AMMONIUM COMPOUNDS AND PROCESS OF PREPABIN G THEM Gerhard Balle and mm mam. Frankfort-onthe-Main, Germany, as'signors to General Aniline Works, 1110., New ,tion of Delaware Y York, N.'Y., a-corpora- No Drawing. Application June 18, 1937,'Serlal N0. 149,028. In Germany June 24, 1931 The present invention relates to quaternary ammonium compounds and to aprocess ofpreparing them. w L

y application is a continuation-in-part of 5 our co-pending U. S. patent application Serial No. 39,993, filed September 10, 1935 for Quaternary ammonium compounds and a process of prepar- -ing them, V

We have found that valuable quaternary ammonium compounds may be prepared by-causing esters of such carboxylic acids as contain a reactive halogen atom .or another reactive anionto react with tertiary organic bases. The ster- .like products thus obtained may be saponifled or may be transformed into amide-like products bymeans Of ammonia 61' primary 01' secondary amines or derivatives thereof. The new products correspond'to the general formula:

xiii-z wherein the group K N means a tertiary base,

Y stands for an anion, such as, for instance, I

halogen or the hydroxyl group, R means a hydrocarbon radical and,

Z stands for a carhoxyl group which may be esterifled or maybe amidated. Thus there may be formed, forinstance, by the action of chloroacetic acid methylester upon tri-' butylamine' the chloride of the tributylbetam methyl-ester of the formula:

hydroxyalkylated or polyhydroxyallwlated to the tertiary stage and which. may be prepared from 0 the acids contained in natural fats, oils or waxes, according to one of the knownmethods, for instance, by reducing the corresponding acid amides or acid nitriles. v For the reaction of these amines there may be.

55 used, iorjj instance, all carboxylicacid esters 23 Claims. (01. 260-10 which contain a reactive halogen atom such as, for instance, the esters of chloroacetic acid, alpha-chloropropionic acid, beta-chlor'opropionic acid, alpha-bromobutyric acid, alpha-bromolaurlc acid or the like esterified with an aliphatic, aromatic or; hydroaromatic alcohol as well as with a phenol; furthermore, for instance, the sulfuric .acid esters'of hydroxycarboxylic acid-esters suchas the sulfuric acid ester of castor-oil-butyl-ster or the like. 1 1

The compounds of the above formula may be prepared by warming the-amine with'one of the aforesaid or an analogous ester (to about '70? C.

to about 100 0.). By using amines witha high number of carbon atoms it is necessary to raise 15 the temperature (to about 130 C. to about 150 '0.) and .perhapsto prolong the duration of the reaction; some amines especially those of the aromatic series or those of a ve y h molecular weight, or esters of high molecular weight require heating under pressure at a temperature, of about 100 C. to about 150 C. -It may in certain cases be of advantage to work in-the presce of a neutral solvent.

The ester-like compounds thus prepared which partly form crystals, partly have a honeyto'fatlike'oonsistency are soluble in neutral, acid or alkaline aqueous solutions.- They are also highly stable'to the action of salts that cause thehardness of the water as well as to other electrolytes which may by present.

- By, treating the ester-like products with saponifying agents there are obtained, with elimination of the respective alcohol, salt-likev or soap-dike bodies which, just as the-products treated, are easily soluble in neutral, acid or alkaline aqueous solutions. Under suitable conditions, for instance, by warming with alkaline agents, such as baryta or 311003, it is possible to substitute 40' the OH-group for the halogen.

By treating the ester-like products with ammonia-or organic primary or secondary bases or their substitution products such as, for instance, amino-or alkylamino-alkyl-sulfonic acids, aminoaryl-sulfonic acids, amino. carboxylic acids, especially their mixtures such as, for instance, the degradation products of, albuminous substances, I or their water-soluble salts,; furthermore the hydroxyamines, halogenamines and the like, new products of amide-like nature are obtained which'have exactly the same properties of solu-' bility.

The following examples serve to illustrate the invention. but they are not intended to Iimiti t 1 thereto, the parts being by weight:

(1) 116 parts of tetramethyl-ethylene diamine are mixed with 216 parts of chloroacetic acid methylester whereby the temperature rises to about 130 C. After cooling, a tough watersoluble mass is formed. This mass is warmed for 3 hours at about 100 C. to about 120 C. with 80 parts of ethylene diamine of 100 per cent. strength or the corresponding quantity of an aqueous ethylene-diamine solution. After cooling, a clear resin-like glassy mass is obtained which dissolves in water to a clear solution.

(2) 160- parts of pentamethyl-diethylene-triamine are caused to react, while stirring and at a temperature of 100 C. to 110 C., with 370 parts of chloroacetic acid ethyl ester. The quarternary salt formed is soluble in water to a clear solution and forms a tough syrup-like mass.

520 parts of the quaternary salt thus obtained are heated, while stirring, at 120 C. to 125 C.

together with 132 parts of symmetrical dimethyl-- ethylene-diamine, until a test portion of the melt dissolves in water, although diflicultly, to a clear solution. A nearly colorless, clear and very viscous mass is obtained.

(3)116 parts of tetramethyl-ethylene-diamine are heated, while stirring, to 100 C. to 105 C. with 216 parts of chloracetic acid methyl ester, gntil the mass dissolves in water to a clear solu- 332 parts of the dimethyl ester thus obtained are mixed with 102 parts of symmetrical di methylpropylene-diamine-1,3. The polyamide is formed, evolution of heat occurring. In order to complete the reaction, the mass is further heated, for about 2 to 4 hours, to 120 C. to 125 C. The methyl alcohol set free is removed by a treatment under reduced pressure.

We claim:

1. The process which comprises treating an or 4D ganic basic compound having at least two tertiary compound having atleast one hydrogen atom nitrogen atoms with an ester of a carboxylic acid containing a reactive anion.

2. The process which comprises'treating an orgamc basic compound having at least two tertiary nitrogen atoms with an ester of an aliphatic carboxylic. acid containing an anion 01' the group consisting of halogen and -OSO2OH.

- 3. The process-which comprises treating an organic basic compound having at least two tertiary nitrogen atoms with an ester of an aliphatic carboxylic acid containing an anion of the group consisting of halogen and OSO2OH' and treating the reaction product with a saponifying agent.

4. The process which comprises treating an organic basic compound having at least two tertiary bound to a nitrogen atom.

6. The process which comprises treating an organic basic compound having at least two tertiary nitrogen atoms with an ester of an aliphatic carboxylic acid containing an anion of the group consisting of halogen and OSOzOI-I and treatcompound having at least 2 nitrogen atoms and at least one hydrogen atom bound to a nitrogen atom.

7. The process which comprises treating an organic basic compound having at least two tertiary nitrogen atoms with an ester of an aliphatic halogen carboxylic acid.

8. The process which comprises treating an organic basic compound having at least two tertiary nitrogen atoms with a chloracetic acid ester.

9. The process which comprises treating an organic basic compound having at least two tertiary nitrogen atoms with a chloracetic acid methyl- .10. The process which comprises treating an organic basic compound having at least two tertiary nitrogen atoms with an ester or an aliphatic halogen carboxylic acid and treating the reaction product with an aliphatic amino compound having at least 2 nitrogen atoms and at least one hydrogen atom bound to a'nitrogen atom.

11. The process which comprises treating an organic basic compound having at least two tertiary nitrogen atoms with a chloracetic acid ester and treating the reaction product with an aliphatic amino compound having at least 2 nitrogen atoms and at least one hydrogen atom bound to a nitrogen atom. a

12. The process which comprises treating an organic basic compound having at least two tertiary nitrogen atoms with a chloracetic acid ester and treating the reaction product with ethylene diamine.

13. The process. which comprises treating an 14.The process which comprises treating an organic basic compound having at least two tertiary nitrogen atoms with a chloracetic acid ester and treating the reaction product with symmetrical dimethylpropyle'nediamine-1.3.

15. The products which are obtainable by treating an organic basic compound having at least two tertiary nitrogen atoms with an ester of a carboxylic acid containing a reactive anion.

16. The products which are obtainable by treatingan organic basic compound having at least two tertiary nitrogen atoms with an ester of an aliphatic carboxylic acid containing an anion of the group consisting of halogen and -OSO2OH.-

1'7. The products which. are obtainable by treating an organic basic compound having at least two tertiary nitrogen atoms with an ester of an aliphatic carboxylic acid containing an of an aliphatic carboxylic acid containing an anion of the group consisting of halogen and -OSO2OH and treating the reaction product with an aliphatic amino compound having at least 2 nitrogen atoms and at least one hydrogen atom bound to anitrogen atom.

19. The products which are obtainable by .treating an organic basic compound having .at

least two tertiary nitrogen atoms with an ester of an aliphatic halogen 'carboxylic acid and ing the reaction product with an aliphatic amino treating the rea t o p t With a aliphatic amino compound having at least 2 nitrogen atoms acetic acid ester and treating the reaction prod- 'uct with ethylene diamine.

22. The products which are obtainable by treating an organic basic compound having at least two tertiary nitrogen atoms with a chloracetic acid ester and treating the reaction product with symmetrical dimethyl-ethylenediamine.

23. The products which are obtainable by treating an organic basic compound having at least two tertiary nitrogen atoms with a chloracetic acid ester and treating the reaction product with symmetrical dimethylpropylenediamine- 10 GERHARD BALLE. KURT EISFEL'D. 

